University of Washington and Emory University researchers have used quantum dots (fluorescent balls of semiconductor material around six nanometers across) to improve how gene-silencing RNA (siRNA, small interfering RNA) is delivered into cells for diagnostic and therapeutic use (by blocking dangerous genes).

The quantum dots helped the siRNA cross the cellular wall and accumulate in the cellular fluid. The technique is 10 to 20 times more effective and 5 to 10 times less toxic than existing chemical methods for getting siRNA into cells.

RNA interference uses short pieces of RNA (siRNA) to disable production of a protein by silencing (deactivating) a stretch of genetic code. Research laboratories regularly use the technique to figure out what a particular gene does. In the body, RNA interference could be used to treat conditions ranging from breast cancer to deteriorating eyesight.

Quantum dots are not approved for human use, but the techniques may also apply to non-toxic iron-oxide particles.

University of Washington News Release

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